OWASP Top 10 2025 Training Course

A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
A02:2025 - Security Misconfiguration
A03:2025 - Software Supply Chain Failures
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
A05:2025 - Injection
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
A09:2025 - Security Logging and Alerting Failures
A10:2025 - Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions

A01:2025 Broken Access Control - This category addresses failures in enforcing policy controls that restrict users to their intended permissions. Such flaws can result in unauthorized disclosure, modification, or destruction of data, as well as the execution of business functions beyond a user’s authorized scope.

A02:2025 Security Misconfiguration - This occurs when systems, applications, or cloud services are not correctly configured from a security standpoint, thereby introducing vulnerabilities.

A03:2025 Software Supply Chain Failures - These refer to compromises or breakdowns in the processes of building, distributing, or updating software. They frequently stem from vulnerabilities or malicious alterations in third-party code, tools, or dependencies relied upon by the system.

A04:2025 Cryptographic Failures - Ideally, all data in transit should be encrypted at the transport layer (OSI layer 4). Previous obstacles, such as CPU performance constraints and complex key management, have been mitigated by modern CPUs with hardware acceleration (e.g., AES support) and simplified services like LetsEncrypt.org. Major cloud providers also offer integrated certificate management. Beyond transport security, it is crucial to identify which data requires encryption at rest and which needs additional application-layer (OSI layer 7) protection. Sensitive data, such as passwords, credit card details, health records, and business secrets, demands extra safeguards, particularly when subject to regulations like the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or the PCI Data Security Standard (PCI DSS).

A05:2025 Injection - Injection vulnerabilities allow attackers to insert malicious code or commands (such as SQL or shell scripts) into input fields, tricking the system into executing them as if they were legitimate instructions. This can lead to severe security breaches.

A06:2025 Insecure Design - This broad category encompasses weaknesses resulting from missing or ineffective control designs. It is distinct from other Top Ten categories. It is important to differentiate between insecure design and insecure implementation, as they arise from different root causes at different stages of development and require distinct remediation strategies. A secure design can still suffer from implementation defects, whereas an insecure design cannot be resolved through perfect implementation because the necessary security controls were never established. A key contributing factor to insecure design is the lack of business risk profiling, leading to an inability to determine the required security level.

A07:2025 Authentication Failures - This vulnerability exists when an attacker successfully deceives the system into accepting an invalid or unauthorized user as legitimate.

A08:2025 Software or Data Integrity Failures - These failures involve code or infrastructure that does not prevent untrusted or invalid data and code from being treated as valid. Examples include applications relying on plugins or libraries from untrusted sources, or CI/CD pipelines that lack integrity checks. An insecure pipeline that consumes or provides software without integrity verification can lead to unauthorized access, malicious code execution, or system compromise. Another example is a CI/CD process that pulls artifacts from untrusted repositories without verifying their signatures.

A09:2025 Security Logging & Alerting Failures - Without adequate logging and monitoring, attacks and breaches go undetected. Without effective alerting, rapid and effective incident response is hindered. This failure occurs whenever there is insufficient logging, continuous monitoring, detection, or alerting to trigger active responses.

A10:2025 Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions - This occurs when software fails to prevent, detect, or respond to unusual or unpredictable situations, leading to crashes, unexpected behavior, or vulnerabilities. It typically involves one or more of the following failures: failing to prevent the unusual situation, failing to identify it as it occurs, or failing to respond appropriately afterward.

The course will discuss and present practical aspects of:

Broken Access Control
- Practical examples of access control failures
- Best practices for implementing secure access controls

Security Misconfiguration
- Real-world examples of misconfigurations
- Strategies to prevent misconfiguration, including the use of configuration management and automation tools

Cryptographic Failures
- Analysis of failures such as weak encryption algorithms or poor key management
- The importance of strong cryptographic mechanisms, secure protocols (SSL/TLS), and modern cryptography in web security

Injection Attacks
- Detailed examination of SQL, NoSQL, OS, and LDAP injection
- Mitigation techniques including prepared statements, parameterized queries, and input escaping

Insecure Design
- Exploration of design flaws, such as improper input validation, that lead to vulnerabilities
- Study of secure architecture strategies and secure design principles

Authentication Failures
- Common authentication challenges
- Secure authentication strategies, including multi-factor authentication and proper session management

Software and Data Integrity Failures
- Focus on issues like untrusted software updates and data tampering
- Implementation of safe update mechanisms and data integrity verification

Security Logging and Monitoring Failures
- The importance of logging security-relevant events and monitoring for suspicious activity
- Tools and practices for effective logging and real-time monitoring to detect breaches early