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 Duration 21 hours

Course Outline

Introduction

This section offers an overview of the appropriate contexts for employing 'machine learning', outlining key considerations, including its advantages and disadvantages. It covers data types (structured/unstructured/static/streamed), data validity and volume, the distinction between data-driven and user-driven analytics, the comparison between statistical and machine learning models, the challenges of unsupervised learning, the bias-variance trade-off, iteration and evaluation processes, cross-validation methods, and the paradigms of supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning.

MAJOR TOPICS

1. Explaining Naive Bayes

  • Core principles of Bayesian methods
  • Probability theory
  • Joint probability
  • Conditional probability and Bayes' theorem
  • The Naive Bayes algorithm
  • Naive Bayes classification
  • The Laplace estimator
  • Incorporating numeric features with Naive Bayes

2. Explaining Decision Trees

  • The divide-and-conquer strategy
  • The C5.0 decision tree algorithm
  • Selecting optimal splits
  • Pruning decision trees

3. Explaining Neural Networks

  • Transitioning from biological to artificial neurons
  • Activation functions
  • Network architecture
  • Determining the number of layers
  • Information flow direction
  • Configuring node counts per layer
  • Training networks via backpropagation
  • Deep Learning

4. Explaining Support Vector Machines

  • Classification using hyperplanes
  • Maximizing the margin
  • Handling linearly separable data
  • Handling non-linearly separable data
  • Applying kernels for non-linear spaces

5. Explaining Clustering

  • Clustering as a machine learning objective
  • The k-means clustering algorithm
  • Assigning and updating clusters using distance metrics
  • Selecting the optimal number of clusters

6. Assessing classification performance

  • Processing classification prediction data
  • Analyzing confusion matrices
  • Evaluating performance using confusion matrices
  • Performance metrics beyond accuracy
  • The kappa statistic
  • Sensitivity and specificity
  • Precision and recall
  • The F-measure
  • Visualizing performance trade-offs
  • ROC curves
  • Predicting future performance
  • The holdout method
  • Cross-validation
  • Bootstrap sampling

7. Optimizing standard models for improved performance

  • Automated parameter tuning with caret
  • Constructing a basic tuned model
  • Customizing the tuning workflow
  • Enhancing model performance via meta-learning
  • The concept of ensembles
  • Bagging
  • Boosting
  • Random forests
  • Training random forest models
  • Evaluating random forest performance

MINOR TOPICS

8. Classification via the nearest neighbors

  • The kNN algorithm
  • Distance calculation
  • Selecting an appropriate k value
  • Data preparation for kNN
  • The 'lazy' nature of the kNN algorithm

9. Understanding classification rules

  • The separate-and-conquer approach
  • The One Rule algorithm
  • The RIPPER algorithm
  • Deriving rules from decision trees

10. Understanding regression

  • Simple linear regression
  • Ordinary least squares estimation
  • Correlation analysis
  • Multiple linear regression

11. Regression and model trees

  • Integrating regression into tree structures

12. Understanding association rules

  • The Apriori algorithm for association rule mining
  • Measuring rule significance via support and confidence
  • Constructing rule sets using the Apriori principle

Extras

  • Spark/PySpark/MLlib and Multi-armed bandits

Requirements

Proficiency in Python

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